Company Roles in the Pharmaceutical Supply Chain

There are many types of companies that operate in pharmaceutical supply chains, including the following.

Company Type

Description

Manufacturer

A company responsible for originating a product, the brand owner.

Exclusive Distributor

A wholesale distributor that purchases directly from the manufacturer and is the sole distributor of that manufacturer’s product.

Contract Manufacturing Organization (CMO)

A company providing manufacturing, and sometimes packaging, services for one or more companies based on contracts or service agreements. 

Repackager

  • A company that purchases product and repackages it. Some repackagers buy directly from a manufacturer, repackage it with their own NDCs and sell it as their own brand.
  • Other repackagers buy from wholesale distributors and repackage into smaller quantities, for example, prefilling scripts for mail order pharmacies.

Wholesale Distributor

A company that is federally licensed to resell products.

3PL

Third-party logistics companies that distribute products.

Pharmacy

Healthcare facilities and pharmacies that dispense pharmaceuticals.

Returns Processor

A company that manages returns for manufacturers.